Since the declaration of independence by the republics of the South Caucasus, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Armenia, in 1991, these countries, especially Azerbaijan and Georgia, have acquired a remarkable geopolitical importance as independent entities, as they serve as bridges between Europe and Asia. The region has become a go-to area for overland trade from Iran and Türkiye to Russia and vice versa. Azerbaijan, the country to be explored in this report, has the greatest geopolitical weight in the region. Baku not only plays an important role as a bridge between Europe and Asia, but also has a major importance for international energy matters.

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